Electronic Automotive Safety Restraint System – ECU & Sensors
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The central controller serves as the brain of the airbag system, receiving signals from collision sensors and other input devices, determining whether to ignite and deploy the airbags, and performing self-diagnosis to detect any system malfunctions.
The central controller consists of an ignition controller, drive circuit, storage circuit, diagnostic circuit, and more.
At the heart of the ignition controller lies the ignition control algorithm, which determines both the airbag deployment timing and its ability to withstand interference from rough road conditions—this is the core technology behind airbag control. Since real-world vehicle structures vary significantly, leading to diverse collision characteristics, numerous ignition control algorithms have been developed to accommodate these different scenarios, and research in this area continues to evolve. Currently employed methods include the velocity-based approach, the acceleration-slope method, and the specific-power technique, among others.
For frontal collisions, the collision sensor and control system typically need to determine within 20 milliseconds whether inflation is required, and once triggered, the airbag must be fully inflated with gas within 30 milliseconds. A single collision sensor is used, with the control system integrated directly into its design.
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